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Declining muscle mass and strength are an inevitable part of ageing, with studies showing a drop of anywhere between 16.6% and 40.9% after the age of 40. The reason? "Our bodies become less efficient at making key hormones responsible for bodily functions like muscle maintenance, which is why a regular strength training routine is important."
A combination of good nutrition with strength training ensures hormones function at an optimal level, which in turn, helps to keep those muscles strong. "When you train, your body responds by regulating the release of hormones and your insulin levels become more stable, which helps regulate blood sugar and prompts a reaction in the body that slows the effects of ageing," explains Addison. In other words, if want to stay independent as you age, you mustn't limit yourself to cardio exercises such as walking, swimming and/or cycling. Your muscles need challenging to do their job properly!
"That said, any movement is great", says Addison. If you're new to exercise or in a sedentary job which means you're especially inactive then start with a daily walk. "Aim to build up to 30 minutes of continuous walking every day." But if you're already walking, swimming and cycling it's time to incorporate strength training into your routine. "Strength training forces your muscles to apply force to move a load. This puts pressure on the bones, which adapt by absorbing minerals more effectively and becoming denser. If your routine involves weights, and you normally complete two sets of 20 squats, try to complete 5-10 reps with a heavier weight," she adds.
Don't be alarmed, though – weights aren't an essential part of strength training. If you're struggling with activities of daily living (ADLS), such as stair climbing, floor pick-ups or posture, the simple exercises, below, could be a lifesaver. Just remember – use it or you'll lose it!
NOTE: This move should look like you're picking something up from the floor.
As a Register of Exercise Professionals-accredited training provider, Nicola consults for leading health and fitness brands and regularly contributes to press publications.
Find out more about Nicola Addison, or read more about Healthspan's health experts.
Nothing beats a healthy, balanced diet to provide all the nutrients we need. But when this isn’t possible, supplements can help. This article isn’t intended to replace medical advice. Please consult your healthcare professional before trying supplements or herbal medicines.